Browser Wars is a documentary outlining the development of the world wide web. It plays out the war that occurred between “computer geeks” who revolutionised the internet through a company by the name of ‘Netscape’, and the company who wanted to ‘run’ the internet, Microsoft, or more directly, Bill Gates.
Undergraduates of the University of Illinois understood the undiscovered potential of the internet, and realised how accessible and useful it could be to the average human, rather than just “lines of text” where you “were unable to do anything on the internet unless you were a super geek”.
After tireless amounts of ‘coding’, these “geeks” created their first miracle program.
Mosaic Online was a free download browser, that started with a mere 12 users, however quickly overtime grew into the millions!
Mosaic had a lot of potential, and was obviously gaining popularity around the world, however it was missing one key ingredient, a strong backbone of cash. This is when Jim Clarke became involved. Clarke was the founder of Silicon Graphics, of which he had just resigned. He was in search of something new and exciting, and something to make him money. He staggered across Mosaic, and knew he’d found what he was looking for.
Jim Clarke, joined by a man by the name of Marc Andreessen (a co-creator of Mosaic), recruited a group of ‘geeks’ from the University of Illinois, that would later converge to be the founders of Netscape.
At this time, Microsoft and Bill Gates disagreed with the potential the internet held. Surprisingly, Gates thought the internet should be a paid service.
Netscape Communications formed in 1993. They had goals of extreme urgency to launch the best browser platform possible. They understood this was easy to develop, and realised a stronger company could development and release a similar product whilst Netscape was in development, hence their urgency.
The boys at Netscape were the first real competition for Bill Gates and Microsoft. This was a whole new ball game for Microsoft, who had dominated everyone competitor in the past.
In October of 1994, Netscapes first creative development ‘Navigator’ launched. This began the war between Microsoft and Netscape. Navigator was the true beginning of the internet revolution. It was unusual that a computer related revolution didn’t involve Microsoft. It was now that Bill Gates realised the importance of the world wide web.
Gates declared to his staff that the internets importance was on par with the development of the PC.
Gates directed all his staff to ‘drop everything’ and ‘find lots of ways to win this battle’, the battle against Netscape.
It was now when Gary Reback, Netscapes lawyer, discovered that Netscape’s business plan “grossly underestimated the threat of Microsoft”.
A team of Microsoft staff then went to Netscape’s headquarters, and much debate still today remains on what was discussed at this meeting. Microsoft claim they went to the meeting with strategies of how the pair can work together. However Netscape revealed the meeting was much more ruthless, intimidating, and a discussion of how Microsoft will beat Netscape, whether they chose to be involved or not. They apparently offered Netscape $1,000,000 to gain all of Netscape’s software. If they did not accept the offer, Microsoft would apparently copy them free of charge. This was obviously a lose-lose situation from Netscape.
Following the meeting, Netscape’s lawyer filled a lawsuit.
It was around this time that Netscape went public on the New York Stock Exchange. The price of their stock went through the roof. This caused Netscape to become ‘arrogant’. This Marc Andreessen even declaring Microsoft’s future as questionable.
This further fuelled the battle between the two companies, and made Bill Gates reek of revenge.
On December 7 1995, Bill Gates wanted everyone to know he had Netscape in his sights: launching ‘Internet Explorer’.
The expertise of Microsoft staff, their coding experience, and direction from mentor Bill Gates allowed them to be incredibly powerful. Gates pushed his staff to the max, working 18 hour days, ensuring they would miss nothing Netscape were doing. They were trying to put Navigator out of business, by whatever means possible.
Microsoft even went to distributors of PC, threatening if they used any of Netscape’s product, Microsoft would not allow them to use any of their product or software, meaning the PC wouldn’t be able to function.
Microsoft then used a clever tactic, using their heavy bank account, they embedded Internet Explorer into Microsoft Windows, meaning each PC came with it pre-installed, free of charge. Netscape were charging users for the software. This was a killer tactic.
September 1997, the Browser War was over. Microsoft had triumphed.
In 1999, on the slumps, Netscape was acquired by a bigger company, AOL, for $4.2 billion dollars.
However, a year earlier in 1998, following the browser war, the United States Department of Justice came knocking on Bill Gates’ door.
Following court hearings, Bill Gates and Microsoft were found Guilty of systematically breaking the law. On April 3, 2000, it was found Microsoft has committed monopolisation, attempted monopolisation. As a remedy, Microsoft was forced to ‘breakup’ by court order, in to two separate units. Microsoft appealed this decision. It was later settled.
Microsoft may have won the Browser War, however Netscape allowed massive competition for Microsoft, and was a huge influence in the development in sites such as Google, Safari, Opera, Firefox etc. All of these sites made Microsoft look old and clunky..
The team at Netscape also came out of the whole ordeal extremely well. Jim Clarke initially invested $5 million dollars into the company, and ended up with close to $2 billion.
The rest of the team at Netscape also came out of with millons.
I think the Browser Wars saga was effective in creating what is today such a fantastic and utilised tool, the internet. It made programs free of charge for the consumer, and allows us to connect and interact with who ever we want, whenever we want. Having the competition was also good, it taught Bill Gates that he doesn’t control the cyber world, and through a list of competitors, allowed a congregation of intuitive ideas and concepts form to allow an amazing and continuously growing tool in the internet.